Obturator Nerve - Anatomy Tutorial

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The obturator nerve is formed by the ventral division of the anterior primary rami of L2, L3, L4 spinal nerves. It enters the thigh by passing through the obturator canal.
While passing through the obturator canal the obturator nerve divides into anterior and posterior divisions.
The anterior division passes downwards into the thigh in front of the obturator externus. It then descends behind the pectineus and the adductor longus, and in front of the adductor brevis.
The anterior division supplies the following muscles: pectineus, adductor longus, gracilis and adductor brevis.
Near the obturator foramen the nerve gives off an articular branch to the hip joint.
The anterior division also gives off a cutaneous branch which emerges from under the lower border of adductor longus to supply the middle part of medial side of the thigh.
The posterior division enters the thigh by piercing the anterior part of the obturator externus muscle which it supplies. It then descends behind the adductor brevis and in front of the adductor magnus.
Besides obturator externus, the posterior division supplies the adductor brevis and adductor magnus muscles.
The terminal part of posterior division forms an articular branch called the genicular branch which enters the adductor hiatus to reach the popliteal fossa. Here pierces the oblique popliteal ligament to supply the knee joint.