How to Access Public Records Information

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Anyone can access public records information available through the federal Freedom of Information Act , or FOIA, and through state and local government records.

Step 1: Know what makes a record public
Know what makes a record public. While most federal agency records are subject to the FOIA, state agencies are subject to state public record laws.

Tip
Certain public records can have privacy restrictions. For example, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) protects privacy of medical records.

Step 2: Do your homework before starting a search
Do your homework before starting a search. For example, know the exact name of a person, property, or the government agency where a record might be found.

Tip
Types of accessible public records include civil and criminal court records, individual vital records, and property tax records.

Step 3: Know state info access regulations
Know state information access regulations. Go to the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press (RCFP) website for information access laws in each state.

Step 4: Check if a public record is accessible online
Check if a public record is accessible online at a specific agency's website.

Step 5: Verbally request a public record
Verbally request a public record by calling or visiting a local, state, or federal agency. Be polite and patient, and document visits or conversations.

Step 6: Write a public record request
Write a public record request. Pay attention to the request format. The RCFP offers federal or state records request letter format generators.

Step 7: Consult an attorney if access is denied
Consult an attorney if access is denied. Formally appeal or contact a state mediator or ombudsman. If mediation doesn't work, contact elected officials for help.

Did You Know?
The FBI released hundreds of death threat files on Senator Edward Kennedy, including an alleged jailhouse plot by Sirhan Sirhan -- the man who was convicted of killing Kennedy's brother Robert F. Kennedy.