How to Conduct an Experiment Using the Scientific Method

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The scientific method was devised to allow scientists to conduct investigations objectively. Here's the method in a nutshell.

Step 1: Make an observation
Observe some occurrence or group of occurrences, and describe it.

Step 2: Make a hypothesis
Formulate a hypothesis -- an educated guess -- to explain the observation.

Tip
Scientists often express hypotheses as cause-effect relationships or mathematical expressions.

Step 3: Use the hypothesis
Use the hypothesis to predict new behavior, or the quantitative results of new observations.

Step 4: Perform an experiment
Perform an experiment to test the predictions of the hypothesis.

Step 5: Accept or reject the hypothesis
Elevate the hypothesis to a theory if the experiment supports the hypothesis. If the experiment does not confirm it, the hypothesis must be discarded or modified.

Did You Know?
The Greek philosopher Aristotle is credited with being one of the fathers of the scientific method.