Electrolytes and Fluid Balance Review - Part II - A Tutorial on Electrolytes

What are electrolyte imbalances?

How do you diagnose and correct hyponatremia or hypernatremia?

Why is hypokalemia and hyperkalemia dangerous?

What other electrolytes are important?


Sign up and join the CITIZENSURGEON Community: citizensurgeon.co/signup

MUST HAVE SURGERY BOOKS
Sabiston's Textbook of Surgery citizensurgeon.co/Sabiston
Moore's Clinically Oriented Anatomy citizensurgeon.co/Moore
Netter's Anatomical Atlas citizensurgeon.co/Netter
Schwartz Principles of Surgery citizensurgeon.co/Schwartz
Fischer's Mastery of Surgery citizensurgeon.co/Mastery
Zollinger's Atlas of Surgical Operations citizensurgeon.co/Zollinger
Top Knife (MUST MUST HAVE) citizensurgeon.co/topknife


If you haven't had a chance to check out the first video on fluid balance and an introduction to electrolytes definitely check that out right now as a prerequisite for this video...I guarantee it will help you:

citizensurgeon.co/Fluids


We're going to answer a lot of questions in this surgery tutorial and discussion on electrolytes. It's a difficult topic and I'm going to try and crack the code and make it as easy as possible.

We're going to crush hyponatremia, hypernatremia as well as the disorders of potassium, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus homeostasis.

These are dense chapters in any surgery or physiology textbook but they are must know essentials as it's something you're doing to deal with every day.


YOU WILL BE CONFIDENT KNOWING ALL OF THIS AFTER WATCHING THIS VIDEO
1.). Hyponatremia and how to replace without causing central pontine myelinolysis
2.). Hypernatremia and how to calculate free water deficit
3.). Hypokalemia and how to safely replace potassium peripherally and centrally
4.). Hyperkalemia and how to either shift potassium or rid it from the body
5.). Hypocalcemia and the importance of ionized calcium
6.). Hypercalcemia and why to look at the parathyroids and cancer
7.). Hypomagnesemia and why calcium is important
8.). Hypermagnesemia and why it's rare but so dangerous
9.). Hypophosphatemia and caution following hepatectomy
10.). Hyperphosphatemia and rehydration


That's a ton of stuff right?


FAST FORWARD WITH THESE INCREDIBLE TIMESTAMPS

Start 00:00
Plasma Osmolarity and Sodium Hemostasis 00:38
Hyponatremia 02:52
Correcting Hyponatremia without CPM 06:15
Hypernatremia and how to correct it 09:00
Potassium hemostasis, hyperkalemia and hypokalemia 12:18
Calcium balance, how to diagnose and how to correct 14:30
Magnesium hemostasis, symptoms of imbalance, when and how to fix 17:03
Phosphorus balance, when to expect hypophasphatemia? 18:20
Clinical Case for Fluid and Electrolytes 20:04

REFERENCES
Surgery: Basic Science and Clinical Evidence (Norton)
For a nice review article on fluids, check out this in AAFP: citizensurgeon.co/Fluid


BE MY FRIEND
Sign up and join the CITIZENSURGEON Community: citizensurgeon.co/signup
My Website: citizensurgeon.com
Instagram: citizensurgeon.co/instagram
Twitter: citizensurgeon.co/twitter
Koji: citizensurgeon.co/Koji

WHO AM I?
I'm Dr. Erik Pearson, FACS and I am a board certified pediatric surgeon living in Las Vegas. I make surgical education videos on all topics in general surgery as well as talks on lifestyle design as a surgeon, book reviews, and studying effectively. I also write a weekly newsletter called the Saturday Six where I identify Six different discoveries of the week. You can get the weekly newsletter by signing up to the CITIZENSURGEON Community!

DISCLAIMER
While my aim is to help educate you for the ward, the surgical ICU, the operating room and your exams remember these videos are not a replacement for your reading, your medical school and residency preparation and most important your own decision making. Good luck and enjoy!

Affiliate Links - There are a few links in the description that may lead to a kickback to me to help support the channel.